[Feb-2026] Free 312-38 Exam Questions 312-38 Actual Free Exam Questions [Q208-Q222]

Following are the six different phases of the Incident handling process:
1.Preparation: Preparation is the first step in the incident handling process. It includes processes like backing
up copies of all key data on a regular basis, monitoring and updating software on a regular basis, and creating
and implementing a documented security policy. To apply this step a documented security policy is formulated
that outlines the responses to various incidents, as a reliable set of instructions during the time of an incident.
The following list contains items that the incident handler should maintain in the preparation phase i.e. before
an incident occurs:
Establish applicable policies
Build relationships with key players
Build response kit
Create incident checklists
Establish communication plan
Perform threat modeling
Build an incident response team
Practice the demo incidents
2.Identification: The Identification phase of the Incident handling process is the stage at which the Incident
handler evaluates the critical level of an incident for an enterprise or system. It is an important stage where the
distinction between an event and an incident is determined, measured and tested.
3.Containment: The Containment phase of the Incident handling process supports and builds up the incident
combating process. It helps in ensuring the stability of the system and also confirms that the incident does not
get any worse.
4.Eradication: The Eradication phase of the Incident handling process involves the cleaning-up of the identified
harmful incidents from the system. It includes the analyzing of the information that has been gathered for
determining how the attack was committed. To prevent the incident from happening again, it is vital to
recognize how it was conceded out so that a prevention technique is applied.
5.Recovery: Recovery is the fifth step of the incident handling process. In this phase, the Incident Handler
places the system back into the working environment. In the recovery phase the Incident Handler also works
with the questions to validate that the system recovery is successful. This involves testing the system to make
sure that all the processes and functions are working normal. The Incident Handler also monitors the system to
make sure that the systems are not compromised again. It looks for additional signs of attack.
6.Lessons learned: Lessons learned is the sixth and the final step of incident handling process. The Incident
Handler utilizes the knowledge and experience he learned during the handling of the incident to enhance and
improve the incident-handling process. This is the most ignorant step of all incident handling processes. Many
times the Incident Handlers are relieved to have systems back to normal and get busy trying to catch up other
unfinished work. The Incident Handler should make documents related to the incident or look for ways to
improve the process.
Answer option C is incorrect. The post mortem review is one of the phases of the Incident response process.

The biometric technique that authenticates individuals by analyzing the layer of blood vessels at the back of their eyes is Retina Scanning. This method uses the unique patterns of the retinal blood vessels for identification, which are stable and distinctive to each person. Retina scanning involves shining a low-intensity light source through an optical coupler to scan the retina’s unique patterns.

Explanation

Network sniffing is a process used to monitor and capture data packets as they travel across a network.
Through network sniffing, various types of information can be obtained:
* DNS traffic: Sniffing can capture the queries and responses exchanged between DNS servers and clients, revealing which domains are being requested by users on the network.
* Telnet passwords: Since Telnet transmits data, including login credentials, in clear text, sniffing can easily capture these passwords as they traverse the network.
* Syslog traffic: Syslog is a standard for message logging, and sniffing can intercept this traffic, providing insights into the events and statuses reported by network devices.
Programming errors, however, are typically not something that can be captured through network sniffing, as they are related to the code’s logic rather than the data transmitted over the network.
References: The information provided is based on standard network security practices and the functionality of network sniffers, which are tools designed to capture and analyze network traffic. This aligns with the teachings of the Certified Network Defender (CND) course regarding network monitoring and threat detection.

A honey pot is designed to attract intruders to a false server that has no real data (but may seem to have valuable data). The specific stated purpose of a honey pot is as a backup plan in case an intruder does gain access to your network.
Answer option B is incorrect. The firewall may help reduce the chance of an intruder gaining access, but won’t help protect you once they have gained access.

Web Application Security Consortium (WASC) is a worldwide organization that aims to establish, refine, and
promote Internet security standards. WASC is vendor-neutral, although members may belong to corporations
involved in the research, development, design, and distribution of Web security-related products.
Answer option A is incorrect. ANSI (American National Standards Institute) is the primary organization for
fostering the development of technology standards in the United States. ANSI works with industry groups and
is the U.S. member of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electro-
technical Commission (IEC). Long-established computer standards from ANSI include the American Standard
Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) and the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI).
Answer option D is incorrect. The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is an organization established
to standardize and regulate international radio and telecommunications. Its main tasks include standardization,
allocation of the radio spectrum, and organizing interconnection arrangements between different countries to
allow international phone calls. ITU sets standards for global telecom networks.
The ITU’s telecommunications division (ITU-T) produces more than 200 standard recommendations each year
in the converging areas of telecommunications, information technology, consumer electronics, broadcasting
and multimedia communications. ITU was streamlined into the following three sectors:
ITU-D (Telecommunication Development)
ITU-R (Radio communication)
ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization)
Answer option C is incorrect. The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) is a society of technical
professionals. It promotes the development and application of electro-technology and allied sciences. IEEE
develops communications and network standards, among other activities. The organization publishes number
of journals, has many local chapters, and societies in specialized areas.

The scenario described is a classic example of a ransomware attack. Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts the victim’s data, rendering it inaccessible, and then demands payment for the decryption key. In this case, the attacker has encrypted the company’s billing information and client records and is asking for money to restore access, which is characteristic of ransomware attacks.

The TCP header does not include the Source IP address. The TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) header consists of several fields that are used to manage the transmission of data packets over a network. The fields included in the TCP header are Source Port, Destination Port, Sequence Number, Acknowledgment Number, Header Length, Flags, Window Size, TCP Checksum, and Urgent Pointer123. The Source IP address is actually part of the IP (Internet Protocol) header, which is a different layer in the TCP/IP model. The IP header is responsible for delivering packets from the source host to the destination host based on the IP addresses in the packet headers.

The phase of vulnerability management that deals with the actions taken for correcting the discovered vulnerability is known as Remediation. This phase involves the actual fixing or patching of the vulnerabilities to reduce the risk of exploitation. Remediation can include applying patches, making configuration changes, or implementing compensating controls. It is a critical step in the vulnerability management lifecycle, which ensures that the identified vulnerabilities are addressed to protect the network from potential attacks.
References: The concept of remediation as a phase in vulnerability management is supported by various cybersecurity frameworks and is a standard practice in the industry. It is also a part of the vulnerability management lifecycle which typically includes identifying, assessing, prioritizing, remediating, and verifying vulnerabilities1.